HYDRAULICS
 Lecturer: Eng. A C Karima
 Course Objectives
 Course objectives are:

1. Students to understand the mechanics of fluid flour in open
    channels and condiuts.

2. To enable students to design channels and paper work for water
    conveyance and reticulation, irrigation and drainage systems.

3. To understand hydrologic elements in relation to agricultural
    production

4. To understand catchment problems as a result of overland flow
    for conservation.

5. To enable students to design on-farm water storages and be
    able to define their uses.

6. To enable student understand groundwater and the design of
    boreholes.

 1.   FUNDAMENTALS OF FLUID PLOW

      - Steady flow, Uniform flow,
      -  Stream lines, Stream tubes
      -  Equation of continuity, Flow nets
      -  Energy equation, Velocity head and K.E

 2.   HYDRAULICS OF PLOW IN CLOSED CONDUITS

      -  Energy Principles, Laminar Flow, Critical flow
      -  Critical velocity, Reynolds Number
      -  Turbulent flow
      -  Head loss, Darcy-Weisbach formula, Friction factor

 3.   PLOW IN OPEN FLOW CHANNELS

      -  Steady, Uniform flow, Varied flow, laminar flow
      -  Chezy formula, Manning formula
      -  Vertical distribution of velocity,
      -  Specific energy, Critical depth,
      -  Hydraulic
HYDROLOGY

 1.   INTRODUCTION

      - Definitions
      - Hydrologic Cycle

 2.  WEATHER ELEMENTS

      - Humidity, Temperature, Precipitation
      - Interpretation of Meteorological Data

 3.   EVAPORATION AND TRANSPIRATION

     - Transpiration
     - Evaporation
     - Methods of estimating Evaporation
           (a)  Penman
           (b)  Thornthwaite - evapotranspiration
           (c)  Open pans
     - Consumptive use

 4.   INFILTRATION

     - Soil Moisture Analysis
     - Methods of determining Infiltration capacity

 5.   GROUNDWATER

     - Occurrence, Groundwater flow
     - Wells and Abstraction

 6.   OVERLAND PLOW

     - Flow rating curves
     - Duration
     - Rainfall/Runoff Correlation

 7.   HYDGRAPH ANALYSIS

     - Streamf low
     - Basef low contribution
     - Unit Hydrography
     - Synthetic Unit Hydrography

 8.   FLOOD ROUTING

     - Storage equation
     - Routing in Channels and Reservoirs

 9.   WATER STORAGE

     -Multipurpose dams
     - Reservoirs

10.  ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

 BOOKS

 1.   Hydrology for Engineers -- Linsely, Kohler & Paulhus
 2.   Applied Hydrology -- Linsely, Kohler & Paulhus
 3.   Engineering Hydrology -- Wilson E.M.

 COURSE ASSESSMENT

 Examinations - 70%
 Continuous Assessment – 30%