Resources and Reports
Resources subject areas:
- NWMHRC Background and Projects
- 2019 Spotted Wing Drosophila Summit
- 2019 Tree Fruit Management School
- 2017 Spotted Wing Drosophila Summit
- 2016 Spotted Wing Drosophila Summit
- 2017 Tree Fruit IPM School
- Research Progress and Impact Reports
- Pests, IPM, etc.
- Trap Counts
- Growth Stages at NWMHRC
- Bloom Dates
- Northwest Michigan Apple Maturity Reports
- General
- Spreadsheets for Download
- Recommendations for growers with horn-face bees
NWMHRC Background and Projects
- Center History
- Establishment History
- NWMHR Foundation
- New Horizons - the strategic plan adopted in 2002
- Vision 2000 - the strategic plan adopted in 1995
- The Life of an Orchard
2019 Spotted Wing Drosophila Summit
- Influence of pruning on SWD populations in tart cherry
- Annual SWD population variability in Michigan
- Insecticide rainfastness for products used to control SWD
- Spotted wing drosophila insecticide efficacy and management programs
- Susceptibility of cherry cultivars to spotted wing drosophila
- Do SWD traps impact infestation?
- Influences of overwintering conditions and relative humidity on SWD populations
2019 Tree Fruit Management School
- Cover Page
- Welcoming to the 2019 Tree Fruit Management School
- Many Thanks to Our Generous Sponsors
- 2019 Tree Fruit Management School Agenda
- Apple PGR's for Michigan 2019
- PBR's to Improve Quality of Apples
- Pollen Tube Growth Model for Michigan 2019
- Precision Thinning and Crop Load Management
- Winter Injury - The Extension Educators Answer to Everything
- Establishing New Tree Fruit Orchards with Container-Produced Nursery Trees
- Is Top-Working Right for You?
- Evolution of High-Density Tart Cherry Orchards in Michigan
- Update on the MSU Dwarfing Cherry Rootstocks
- New Cherries Varieties, Rootstocks and Propagation Methods
- Apples, Roots
- Enviroweather Tools for Tree Fruit Growers
- Progress Toward Developing an SWD Risk Model
- Rainfastness Attributes of Insecticides for Control of SWD in Cherries
- Research Update on Two Key Invasive Fruit Pests: BMSB and SWD
- BMSB Trapping and Opportunities for Biological Control
- Spotted Lanternfly: An Invasive on the Horizon
- Sterile Insect Release: A New Tool for Codling Moth Control in Michigan
- Cherry Leaf Spot Management in the Age of Resistance
- SDHI Fungicide Resistance: Influence of Application Rate and Mixes on Selection for Resistance
- New and Upcoming Methods for Bacterial Disease Management
- A New Fire Blight Management Approach Using Apogee
- Screening Prunus Species to Find Sources of Resistance to Armillaria Root Rot
- Preventing Disease While Minimizing Harm to Pollinators During Bloom
- Farm Business Management
- MAEAP Tips on Pesticide Storage and Handling
- Radial Airblast Sprayer Optimization
2017 Spotted Wing Drosophila Summit
- 2017 SWD Taskforce Accomplishments
- 2017 SWD Taskforce Accomplishments video
- Evolving on-farm SWD management in tart cherries
- Modifying the orchard landscape to help reduce SWD populations in Michigan cherry orchards
- Modifying the orchard landscape to help reduce SWD populations in Michigan cherry orchards video
- Optimizing traps for SWD monitoring
- Optimizing traps for SWD monitoring video
- SWD winter morphs: Their arrival, survival and reproduction
- SWD winter morphs: Their arrival, survival and reproduction video
2016 Spotted Wing Drosophila Summit
- 2016 SWD Infestation Comparisons in Conventional and Organic Cherry Orchards
- 2016 SWD Research Overview
- Sugar and Yeast Adjuvants for Enhancing Insecticide Efficacy for SWD Control
- SWD Seasonal Biology and Use of Wild Hosts
- Decision Support Tools for Managing SWD in Michigan
- Resistance, Rain Fastness and Coverage: Lessons Learned from SWD Management in Blueberries
2017 Tree Fruit IPM School
- Evolution of High-Density Tart Cherry Orchards in Michigan
- Strategies to Manage Bitter Pit in 'Honeycrisp' Apples
- Identifying and Minimizing Internal and External Apple Disorders
- Nutrient Requirements of 'Gala' Apple Trees
- Interpreting Apple Maturity Reports to Optimize Harvest Decisions
- Managing All the Weeds on the Orchard Floor
- Managing Mites and Mite Flaring in Tree Fruits
- IPM Strategies for Oriental Fruit Moth Management
- OBLR Resistance Management in Tree Fruits
- Biological Control of Spotted Wing Drosophila
- Optimizing Traps for SWD and Monitoring Update
- Behaviorally-Based Attract and Kill Systems for Apple Maggot and Spotted Wing Drosophila
- Role of Insects in Fire Blight Transmission
- Pheromone-Based Monitoring and Management Tools for the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Apple Orchards
- Identifying BMSB Damage on Tree Fruit
- Attract and Kill Tactics for SWD
- Deciphering Weather Forecasts for Making IPM Decisions
- Resisting Resistance: Incorporation and Preservation of SDHI Fungicides for Disease Management
- Considering Cherry Leaf Spot Management without SDHI Fungicides
- Using UAV Technology to Detect Cherry Leaf Spot Disease and UAS Applications in Specialty Crops and Orchards
- Management of Apple Scab Beyond the Models: Lessons Learned from Cultivar Selection and Off-Season Fungicide Applications
- Fire Blight
- New Problems with an Old Invasive: The Status of Black Stem Borer in Michigan
- Orchard Nematodes and Soil Health
- Best Management Practices for Pollinators in Orchards
- Effects of American Kestrel Nest Boxes and Perches on Fruit-Eating Bird Activity in Cherry Orchards
- Enviroweather Website Modernization, Plans and How to Help
Tart Cherry Over the Row Harvest
Research Progress and Impact Reports
- Safeguarding the Supply of Specialty Crops
- Protecting Orchards from Fire Blight Bacterium
- Guarding Michigan Fruit and Nut Trees Against Root Rot
- Michigan Production Costs for Tart Cherries by Production Region
Trap Counts - updated weekly during the season
Growth Stages and Critical Temperatures
Critical Spring Temperature fact sheets:
- Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages: Pome Fruit and Stone Fruit
- Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages (with images): Cherries, Pome Fruit and Stone Fruit
Growth Stages at NWMHRC:
- 2022
- 2021
- 2020
- 2019
- 2018
- 2017
- 2016
- 2015
- 2014
- 2013
- 2012
- 2011
- 2010
- 2009
- 2008
- 2007
- 2006
- 2005
- 2004
- 2003
- 2002
Historical Bloom Dates
Northwest Michigan Apple Maturity Reports
How to interpret reports from other Michigan regions
Notes on starch iodine testing and other maturity indexe
2014
- Interpreting the Slow Maturation of Apples in 2014
- 2014 Predicted Harvest Dates
- Weekly Maturity Report #1 - September 10
- Weekly Maturity Report #2 - September 17
- Weekly Maturity Report #3 - September 24
- Weekly Maturity Report #4 - October 1
- Weekly Maturity Report #5 - October 8
- Weekly Maturity Report #6 - October 15
- Special Maturity Report and insert - October 2
2013
- 2013 Predicted Harvest Dates
- Weekly Maturity Report #1 - September 5
- Weekly Maturity Report #2 - September 11
- Weekly Maturity Report #3 - September 18
- Weekly Maturity Report #4 - September 25
- Weekly Maturity Report #5 - October 2
- Weekly Maturity Report #6 - October 9
- Weekly Maturity Report #7 - October 16
2012
- 2012 Apple Maturity Reports
- 2012 Predicted Harvest Dates
- 2012 Apple Maturity Reports from other regions
2011
- 2011 Apple Maturity Reports
- 2011 Predicted Harvest Dates
- 2011 Apple Maturity Reports from other regions
2010
2005 to 2009
- 2009 Apple Maturity Reports
- 2009 Predicted Harvest Dates
- 2008 Apple Maturity Reports
- 2007 Apple Maturity Reports
- 2006 Apple Maturity Reports
- 2005 Apple Maturity Reports
Pests, Integrated Pest Management, etc.
- Maximum Residue Limits in Michigan Apples and Cherries
- Cherry Leaf Spot and a Lot of Rain
- Minimal Spray Strategy for Frosted Apples
- A Long Look at Fire Blight
- Cherry Fungicide Timing Table
- Cherry Orchard Floor Management
- Bacterial Canker Control For Sweet Cherries
- Pre-Harvest Disease Control in Cherry
- Cherry Leaf Spot Infection Chart
- Bracing for a Possible Cherry Leaf Spot Epidemic
- How Can We “Rein In” Scab Infection During These Monsoon-like Conditions?
- Mills Chart for Apple Scab Infection
- Management of Cherry Powdery Mildew
- Control Crown Gall at Planting
- Controlling Peach Tree Borer
- Cherry Fruit Fly Look Alikes
- Fruit Fly Wing Band Patterns
- Gibberellic Acid on Cherry
- Ethephon Use on Cherry
- Using Spray Oils For Insect Control
- Getting The Most From Roundup
- Summer Leafroller Control - 2005
- Mite Control in Cherry 2005
- Post-Harvest Control of Two-Spotted Spider Mites in Cherry
- How to Calculate Growing Degree Days
- Transitioning to Certified Organic in Michigan, Where to Start?
- E 154 Fruit Mgt Guide Addendums for Insecticides 2012
Training, Pruning, Varieties
- Hard Cider Varieties 2012 by Dr. Nikki Rothwell at the Great Lakes Expo
- Interim Report for Stem-On Harvest For the Brine Cherry Market
- Post Harvest Pruning in Cherries
- Montmorency Training
- Balaton® Training
- Growing Balaton® - Horticultural Considerations
- Training and Pruning Young Cherry Trees
- Mechanical Summer Tipping of Tart Cherry
- Training Dwarf Sweet Cherry for Hand Harvest
- Training Dwarf Sweet Cherry for Processin
- Debudding Sweet Cherry
- Tips for Training and Pruning of Sweet Cherry on Gisela Rootstocks
- Early 21st Century Cherry Varieties for the Great Lakes and Eastern North America
- Brine Type Sweet Cherries for the Eastern U.S.
- Canning & Freezing Varieties of Sweet Cherries
- Fresh Market Sweet Cherry Varieties
- Sweet Cherry Varieties for Eastern U.S.
- Dark Sweet Cherry Varieties
- Light Sweet Cherry Varieties
- Sweet Cherry Bloom Dates
- Sweet Cherry Cracking Averages
- Sweet Cherry Pollination Chart
- Cherries for the Backyard in Michigan
General
- Tart Cherry Orchard Soil Health Research, September 2014
- NASS Rotational Surveys for Tart Cherry
- NASS Rotational Surveys for Sweet Cherry
- Michigan Productions Costs of Tart Cherries by Region
- Seasonal Monthly Rainfall Records (NW Center) 1982 - 2016
- Seasonal Monthly Evaporation Records (NW Center) 1982 - 2016
- Michigan Growing Season Map: Average Date of Last Temperature of 32 F or Below in the Spring
- Michigan Growing Season Map: Average Date of Last Temperature of 32 F or Below in the Fall
- Michigan Growing Season Map: Length of Growing Season
- Inexpensive "Do-It-Yourself" Spill Kit
- Irrigation Table for Fruit Trees
- Noticed Some Sorry Looking Strawberry Plants?
- Calculating Growing Degree Days
- Calculation of Baskerville-Emin ("BE") Growing Degree Days
- Winter Injury In Young Montmorency Cherries
- MSU Fruit Leaf Analysis Guidelines
- NW Michigan Fruit Leaf Analysis Interpretations 2005
Spreadsheets for Download
The following spreadsheets were developed by Bill Klein of the NW Michigan Horticultural Research Station. They are formatted to be used in Microsoft Excel97. Please send any questions to Bill Klein, kleinw@msu.edu.
- Growing Degree Day Calculator – By entering the daily maximum and minimum temperatures this sheet will automatically calculate daily and seasonal GDD totals for any two base temperatures chosen. Uses either Baskerville-Emin or Averaging method depending on daily temperatures. No upper level cut-off. For those of you who want the real thing, here is a step by step calculation for Baskerville-Emin method from Dr. Jeff Andresen at MSU
- Chill Hour Accumulation Calculator – By entering the daily maximum and minimum temperatures this sheet will automatically calculate daily and seasonal chill hour accumulations. Chill hours begin to accumulate below 45 degrees F and cease to accumulate when the daily average drops below 34 degrees F.
- Cooperative Observer Forms (WS Form B-92 and WS Form B-83a) – This spreadsheet was developed to aid in the completion of the monthly forms that are sent to the National Weather Service (NWS) from our observation site. These forms have not been approved by the NWS but they have not been rejected by them when I send them in each month either. Please read the instructions and information on the first worksheet and any comments on the second (daily data entry) sheet. This sheet was revised based on new NWS information on 2/22/02.
- Wind Chill Calculator – This spreadsheet uses the new formula that is now being used by the NWS to better represent how wind and temperature interact on human skin.
Recommendations for growers with Osmia cornifrons, Horn-face bees
2006 General information and data collection protocol
Additional information on Osmia cornifrons:
- Cleaning Horn-Face Bee Tubes Each Winter Will Prevent Mite Buildup
- Important insecticide and nesting period information
- Orchard Bee Nesting Materials and Supplier List
- Movement and Storage of Horn-Face Bees
- Blue Orchard Bee Information (commercial site)
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