Department of Entomology Applied Nematology, Ecology and Acoustical Signatures

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ORDER RHABDITIDA
INFRAORDER TYLENCHOMORPHA
            Family Pratylenchidae
                        Genus Hirschmanniella

 "Very long vermiform nematodes (1-4 mm). Cuticle finely annulated, lateral field with four incisures, areolated towards extremities. Cephalic region continuous, anteriorly flattened or hemispherical, framework heavily sclerotized. Stylet massive, usually 3-5 times maximum width of cephalic region. Basal knobs large, rounded and close to shaft. Pharyngeal glands in line, overlap intestine ventrally in the form of a long lobe. Sub-ventral glands asymmetrical, larger and much longer than the dorsal gland; nuclei of the three glands lying in a row, well separated from each other. Intestine often with thorneian cells, a connective tissue-like formation with accumulated glycogen present between intestine and muscle layer of body wall. Female genital branches paired. Tail elongate-conoid, usually ending with small mucro. Phasmids in posterior part of tail. Crenate, subterminal bursa lacking phasmidial pseudoribs." Bert and Borgonie, 2006

Genus Hirschmanniella

Pratylenchinae.
“Body length from 0.9 to 4.2mm. No secondary sexual dimorphism. Deirids absent. Lip area flattened anteriorly to hemispherical, not set-off; by SEM, lip area characterized by complete fusion of lip sectors, and often with the labial disc. Labial sclerotization strong. Oesophageal glands in line, with a long ventral overlap of the intestine.
Female genital tract with two branches equally developed. Tail length three or more times anal body diameter, usually terminating in a point or mucro. Phasmids generally situated in posterior third of the tail. Gubernaculum not or only slightly protruding. Caudal alae not enveloping tail.” From Powers and Mullin website http://nematode.unl.edu/

References:

Bert, W.and G. Borgonie. Order Rhabditida: Suborder Tylenchina.  2006.  In: Eyualem Abebe, Traunspurger W., and Andrassy I. (eds) Freshwater Nematodes: Ecology and Taxonomy. CABI Publishing, Cambridge, MA, pp. 676

Powers T. and P. Mullin. Pla