Restorative practice – Part 2: Using circles to build positive relationships
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EmailProactively help youth build skills to address challenges they may face though restorative circles.
In this Michigan State University Extension article series, we continue to reflect on restorative practice. Read the first part in this series, “Restorative practice – Part 1: Instead of punishment.”
Restorative practices encompass community-oriented methods for resolving conflicts and fostering relationships, frequently utilizing restorative circles. When we gather in a circle, we cultivate a sense of community, collaboration and engagement. No individual can remain hidden, thus fostering a sense of belonging. Within circles, young people can cultivate essential values that extend into their daily lives. These values revolve around respect, which allows everyone the opportunity to contribute, and equality, ensuring that no one is deemed more important than another. They also include self-awareness, which requires that participants wait for their turn to speak, and shared leadership, where every individual assumes a leadership role and collectively takes ownership of the group.
Circles are derived from Native traditions. Talking circles, peacemaking circles and healing circles are deeply rooted in traditional practices of Indigenous peoples. They believe everything is connected in a circular fashion and ensure that all people are heard and not interrupted. The circle keeper is the caretaker of the circle and is responsible for making it a safe space for discussion. This is usually an adult, but as youth learn the circle culture, they have an opportunity to keep the circle or share in circle keeping, which is a great leadership opportunity.
There are various types of circle structures: sequential, non-sequential, basic, popcorn, fishbowl and wheelhouse. The most prevalent are the sequential and non-sequential circles. In a sequential circle, the opportunity to speak rotates around the circle in a single direction. This arrangement allows quieter or more reserved participants (who are often overshadowed by louder or more assertive ones) to express themselves freely. In non-sequential circles, the dialogue can flow without a predetermined order. This format is beneficial when it is less critical for everyone to contribute (the circle may focus more on problem-solving).
The center of the circle serves as a significant element. Although it can remain empty, it tends to be more impactful when something is placed in the center to provide focus. Young people frequently appreciate this feature and can craft the centerpiece using unique items from their homes or 4-H club. Additionally, they may place a note card (or a paper plate) featuring a written message or drawing in response to a prompt. This practice instills a sense of purpose within the group. What may initially appear as a mere assortment of objects transforms into something entirely different as they connect with the meaning of each item.
The talking piece is another standard element of restorative circles. When a talking piece is being used, the person who is holding it is the only one who has a right to speak, until it is passed to another person (or placed in the center of the circle). The talking piece helps to slow down the pace of the conversation by allowing participants to take their time and to choose their words thoughtfully. It also ensures that all participants have an opportunity to be fully heard, and for others to listen with their full attention.
Restorative circles represent a method for proactively developing the skills and relationships that young people need when faced with challenges. Utilize the effectiveness of restorative circles to resolve situations when conflicts occur. Implementing this approach will contribute to fostering calmer and more focused youth, enabling them to enjoy more fulfilling experiences.
MSU Extension and Michigan 4-H Youth Development help to prepare young people for successful futures. To find out how to get involved as a youth participant or an adult volunteer, contact your county MSU Extension office.
