Evangelyn Alocilja - 2013 - TEDMEDLive MSU

Video Transcript
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i'd like to go straight to the topic about biosensors elderly and healthcare so elderly and global health why do we do care
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well there are four challenges or realities that we need to face in the coming years
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in this area of global health the elderly the elderly population is increasing
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and will continue to increase by 2030 there's 1 billion elderly population in the world by 2050 there
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will be 2 billion people in many developing developed countries there are more elderly now than the 12
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to 24 year group by 2050 globally there will be more elderly population than the equivalent
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12 to 20 to 24 years old age group so what's the implication of this the elderly population will continue to
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be in the workforce they will continue to be independent and most of them living at home
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they will be at a higher proportion than the 12 to 24 year old workforce
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or higher workforce higher age workforce but unfortunately we are vulnerable to
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infections because they have reduced immune system due to aging they have chronic diseases
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and therefore they need more medical and social services health care costs is continuously rising
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now and in the future in the united states alone one percent of the health care
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spenders occupy constitute twenty percent of health care spending and the top one percent
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is two thirds of them are elderly ninety thousand the elderly spend about
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ninety thousand dollars per year that's the top one percent whereas the bottom fifty percent spent only two
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hundred thirty six dollars per year there's this less access to health care in many parts of the world health care
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is a luxury there are more people who are on the periphery of
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medical care that could lead to deaths and disabilities which could have been prevented because they don't have access to health
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care then there's the limited resources there's just not enough money to build hospitals and hospital beds around the
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world and what's happening there will be more people cram in small spaces
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and there will be there are less professional medical professionals than patients in terms of ratio this kind of conditions can transmit
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diseases and sanitation can be compromised there are three real world problems or examples that i would present this
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afternoon tuberculosis diarrhea and malaria the combined
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fatality from these three diseases are millions of people tuberculosis kills 1.7 million people
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every year that translates to three deaths per minute so as we speak there are people dying of
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tuberculosis and before i end my presentation there will be about 60 people who will be dead from tuberculosis
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there's two billion people infected throughout the world nine million cases every year
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and this disease is highly infectious research shows that an inf that an infected person
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infects six others before that person gets treatment and this disease orphans 10 million children a year
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tb and hiv is a bad combination it's a fatal combination
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and then you couple it with drug resistant tb body related drug resistant extensively drug resistant and totally drug
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resistant tb is treated six to nine months the regular tb the ordinary tv
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drug resistant tv moderately drug resistant tv takes two years to treat the extensively drug resistant tb takes
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more years and more therapy what's the implication it becomes expensive and draining to the patient
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and to the caregiver the diarrhea studio cholera e coli salmonella
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norovirus rotavirus whatever you name it throw food contaminated food and water the combination of this
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the young and the elderly are at risk there's about 2.6 million deaths in 2009
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from the combination just of diarrhea 1.5 are children aged below 5
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and 1.1 million are older then we have malaria malaria is caused by plasmidium falciparum
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and it's transmitted through mosquitoes mosquito bites in this area it is based on the tropical and subtropical regions and there's
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about 3.3 billion at risk of malaria
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so i invite you to the world of tricorders you know the star trek
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movie this tricorder this is a replica of a tricorder it's it's used to scan
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diseases in the star trek they scan this and you will see all the information about the
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patient disease status severity blood analysis and so on data analytics is in there data
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transmission is in there everything is in there so this kind of world is not actually
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very far from reality i welcome you to the world of biosensors
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the one on the left is our biosensor that we're developing in the lab the one on the right is your typical glucose
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meter a glucose meter is a successful biosensor in the market what does it do it's small
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you're able to you're empowered to screen yourself it is inexpensive
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simple to use and you can put it in your pocket so biosensors are designed to be rapid inexpensive
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simple and early how rapid we're talking about minutes or seconds for a biosensor
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where the traditional method is for about three three days or weeks how inexpensive
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biosensors we're talking about pennies or less than a dollar at least current diagnosis 35 100
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sometimes there are like two thousand dollars simple you and i can use it anywhere anytime
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whereas the current diagnosis you have to send it to the lab with specialized personnel because it is rapid
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inexpensive and simple you can actually use it for early detection early screening
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and frequent screening in our lab we look at nanobiosensors nanobeing we use nanomaterials
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nanotechnology nanoparticles as our transducers for making these small devices
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we use it for pathogen detection as well as biomarker discovery so what is our hope
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that through early rapid inexpensive simple and early detection of these diseases
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we can say goodbye to tuberculosis goodbye to diarrhea and eventually good say goodbye to
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malaria our hearts desire in our lab and in our research is to eventually have our elderly
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healthy happy and a right place in society that's my take for this i want you to
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take this message for this afternoon thank you and thanks for you listening
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[Applause]
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you
 

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