• Rhizopus rot

  Although the rot is predominantly a postharvest problem, symptoms may also develop in the field. Rotted fruit appears similar to brown rot, but Rhizopus-affected fruit appears slightly darker, the skin may slip away from decaying flesh underneath, or the fruit may be very leaky.

• Black peach aphid

  These smooth-looking, pear-shaped insects have long antennae and a pair of cornicles extending from the posterior end of the body.

• European fruit lecanium (Brown apricot scale)

  The adult female scale is nearly hemispherical and shiny brown, with several ridges along the back. Nymphs are light colored.

• Spiders: Foliage Hunters

  The body of a spider is divided into two regions, the cephalothorax and abdomen. The cephalothorax bears the eyes (various numbers and arrangements), mouthparts, pedipalps and legs (four pairs), and the unsegmented abdomen bears the genital structures, spiracles, anus and spinnerets (silk-spinning structures).

• Silver leaf

  Silvering of the foliage is the characteristic symptom. At first, silvering may be associated with only one or two major branches, but eventually the entire tree becomes silvery in appearance. When infection is severe the leaves may curl upward.

• Bacterial spot

  On leaves, lesions are small, tan to brown in color, eventually becoming necrotic, and usually surrounded by a yellow halo. There are often numerous lesions on a leaf and they tend to be restricted to areas between veins, which gives them an angular appearance.

• Green peach aphid

  These smooth-looking, pear-shaped insects have long antennae and a pair of cornicles extending from the posterior end of the body.

• Spirea aphid

  The eggs are oval and shiny black. The adults and nymphs are olive-green with brown-black legs, antennae, and cornicles. They live in colonies.

• Replant disorders

  In general, trees suffering from replant disease show slow and uneven growth within the first three years of planting. Both specific and non-specific replant disorders are known.

• Pear slug (Pear sawfly)

  The adult looks similar to a small, black-bodied wasp with the ventral side and legs yellow in color. The larva is small, fleshy, dark green to orange, slug-like, and slime-covered, with the front part of the body enlarged.

• White apple leafhopper

  Adults are creamy white with short antennae, translucent wings, and a long wedge-shaped body. Usually found on the underside of leaves, they jump and fly with great agility. Nymphs are yellowish, wingless and very mobile; they generally move in a back-and-forth motion.

• European apple sawfly

  The adult looks similar to a small, orange-brown wasp with the ventral side and legs orange in color. It has transparent wings with many veins. The egg, oval and translucent, is inserted into the receptacle of the flower.

• Spotted tentiform leafminer

  The adult is a tiny beige moth with heavily fringed wings striped with golden brown and white bands. Eggs are laid individually on the undersurface of the leaves.

• Flatheaded appletree borer

  The adult is a short-horned beetle, flattened above, with short antennae and large conspicuous eyes. The upper surface of the body is dark metallic brown with slightly patterned wing covers.

• Peach scab

  On fruit, lesions begin as small, greenish circular spots that gradually enlarge and darken as spore production begins. These spots appear when fruit are half grown and are most common on the stem end of the fruit, but can occur over the whole surface.

• Brown rot

  Infected flowers turn brown, wither, and either become fixed to twigs as a gummy mass or drop like unpollinated flowers.

• Verticillium wilt

  Leaves wilted or browned on one or several branches, often remaining attached; the rest of the tree appears healthy. Young trees are often killed by infection.

• Humped green fruitworm

  Adult's forewings are gray and marked with light and dark areas for 2/3 of their length the outer 1/3 is a lighter gray.

• Brown marmorated stink bug

  Brown marmorated stink bug adults are shield-shaped, with mottled brown coloration on the upper and lower surface. They can be distinguished by lighter bands on antennae and they have darker bands on the membrane part of the front wings.

• Forbes scale

  Round or elongate gray scale with a raised reddish area in the center, which distinguishes it from the San Jose scale.